Lungs, allergy and cough
Antihistamines
Used for
Allergies, itching, hives
How it works
Block histamine, the chemical behind sneezing, itching and a runny nose. Older (first-generation) ones cause drowsiness; newer (second-generation) ones much less.
Watch for
First-generation ones like diphenhydramine are risky for older adults: confusion and falls.
- Name clue
- -tadine (some)
- Examples
- loratadine (Claritin)
- cetirizine (Zyrtec)
- fexofenadine (Allegra)
- diphenhydramine (Benadryl)
More in lungs, allergy and cough
- Beta-2 agonistsAsthma and COPD: open the airways
- Anticholinergic inhalersCOPD; keep airways open
- Inhaled corticosteroidsDaily asthma control (not for an attack)
- Leukotriene blockersAsthma and allergies (daily pill)
- DecongestantsStuffy nose
- ExpectorantsChest congestion
- Cough suppressants (antitussives)Dry cough
A study and reference aid. Follow the product labeling and your pharmacist for anything about a patient's medicine.
Studying for the PTCE?
Drug classes are a big part of the Medications domain. Gutta's lessons and practice questions cover them, with an explanation for every answer.
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